Road And Track

The 5SG or 5SGTE is a hybrid engine built by combining 2 or more factory Toyota engines. These long stroke engines are ideally suited to street turbo use as they increase mid-range torque and allow turbos to spool up more qucikly.

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The E code transmisison was the first really heavy duty transaxle built by Toyota for the 1987 AW11 MR2 supercharged model. It has since been used in the MR2 SW20 turbo, Caldina, GT4 Celica, V6 Camry , RAV4 etc.

Whislt all these models are similar, the gearbox has had a raft of changes over its life from 1987 to current.

Road & Track carries a full range of spares and special tools for these transmissions and can even ship them internationally. We have built many special versions for race, rally and drag cars, including special ratios, LSD's etc. 4WD versions can be converted to 2WD for custom cars like GT2 celica. They are a common conversion for mazda rally cars. The more common versions are available on a reconditioned-exchange basis.

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This article discusses typical problems found with Toyota twin-cam engine such as the 4AG,. 3SG, 1GG , 1J & 2J, which we commonly see in our workshop. These engines have been built from the mid 80's to late 90's and share many common problems.

The article covers issues such as typical wear for age, timing belt failures, ingesting debris, modification based problems like lack of oil and cooling system overload.

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In this article, we document years of experience with these 3SG (non-turbo) engines in race and road-going vehicles. All aspects of the engine are considered.. A separate article covers the turbo 3SGTE.

These engines have been used in all manner of race cars since their inception in the early 1980's. Factory supported tuners like TOM's & TRD, once built a huge range of specialised products to support their race use, especially in open-wheeled formula cars, like F3 in UK/Europe, Formula Toyota in Spain. For a short time in the mid-late 80's, they were seen in 2WD rally cars. They have become popular in amatuer race classes that do not allow turbochargers, and as an upgrade for older road-going Toyotas like the AE86 "Sprinter" and RA series Celicas. Several makers of "clubman cars" offered the 3SG as a power unit, with Fraser Cars in New Zealand, probably being the most prolific.

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